Function of E-Book

The functions of E-book in teaching and learning. Books are no doubt the main element in teaching and learning activities. As we all know printed books have already been used for a very long time. However in this modern era, books in electronic forms (eBooks) are taking place. EBooks had already been introduced not only for adults but children too. Finally, eBooks are already evolving slowly to take place in teaching and learning. A powerful stimulus for the production of a range of electronic instrument for education has been provided by the latest technology inventions.Numerous ideas and educational materials are invented and extensively published electronically to support the field of teaching and learning, however it is still unclear how far all of this is of use among the students and teachers when it comes to the virtual teaching and learning. Suggestions on how to improve the quality of the products and materials that are already available are still in great demand as the exis ting electronic books have not completely replaced the physical counterpart.The gap between utilitarian and usefulness is quite wide to prove the lack of effectiveness of the first generation of e-books, and the progress of e-books has been led majorly by technology instead of the user’s demand. In the education field, E-books can be found in various type of media instrument like CD-Rom, the internet and in any portable reading materials. Variety types of element are implemented in e-books, for example fiction and non-fiction. A textbook is a source of information on a particular subject.An electronic textbook on the other hand is almost the same but it is more special as e-textbook is an e-book that has a content of educational material for teaching and learning process. E-textbooks are now officially known as educational source that have already published electronically to help in both teaching and learning methods. They are ready to be used within a computer environment, t hrough media such as internet or CD-ROM. In the early 1990s, the spread of educational multimedia was surprisingly very fast and it was proven by the people that it is more beneficial when converting printed publication into electronic form.Apart from that, it has been discussed that e-book is basically implemented to improve the process of studying outside the classroom, and as time goes by, a technological instrument was made where a powerful incentive is created to invent such electronic material for the students. It is better for the people to be updated to any information to learn by using e-book as printed books are always out-of-date and are only replaced with an average of eight years. Limitless and faster access to any latest news and information can be experienced via electronic learning (Hamilton et al. 2001). It was said that electronic education will benefit a lot of people because of its capability to enhance the co-operation and among the students and the teachers (Ha mbrecht, 2000). Apart from that, higher success rate can be seen. However more effort should be contributed towards promoting e-book among the new generations as financial support plays an important role in this matte (Wilson, 2003). Similar to the ordinary printed books, e-book helps the readers to understand and focus on important messages by underlining them and writing simple notes.In addition, e-books are user-friendly too as it is installed with portable dictionary program which made it easier to look up for unfamiliar words. E-book has definitely made the teaching and learning process to be more interesting than ever because the user get to watch clips and interact with a variety of specialities. It has been proven that the youngsters can gain a lot from the added applications (Maynard and McKnight, 2001). At schools, e-textbooks on the other hand will reduce the number of printed textbooks that not only burden both the teachers and students carrying them to-and-fro around th e school compound.This enables the teacher to easily bring the notes including the exercises to be given to the student which thus increases the effectiveness of teaching. With the presence if the electronic book, space can be saved which particularly helps a lot in places mainly the libraries. Decades ago, e-books were not preferred because the prices were too high. In the year 2000, the production of e-books have became larger and the cost of each e-book is lowered (Mayfield, 2000). This indicates that a major procedure in promoting the usage of e-textbooks in school had been done.Another form of e-book, CD-ROM also known as the copy of the encyclopedia is also famous among the students nowadays. They can easily get copies of the syllabus of their subjects in order for them to study back at home and easily bring the topics for discussion among their peers. Another branch of e-book, Hypertextbooks is a famous instrument of interactive studying on the internet in the western country . This electronic file containing the learning materials enables the user to study at their own rhythm and the students will send their assignment to the respective person through email.This concludes that with the upgrading of the process of studying, the students will no longer have the reason not to send their assignments on time. Top of the information, at schools teachers will have no problem to control the class because the students will be more focused and enthusiastic to carry on with their assignments compared to the printed pages. Even though e-textbooks can contribute towards the improvement in assisting the process of teaching and learning, there are still factors that resist their acceptance such as the insufficient number of computers and labs and the low number of publishers.This signifies that e-book can help in the education field but the chance to make it a reality might prove problematic. According to Hambrecht’s theory, it is believed that e-education is p otential in bringing the students and teachers to come together as one in order to enhance the class session’s activities (Hambrecht, 2000). The research about CD-ROM clarified that users will be more interested to learn and use their resources. The children especially, find that learning is more fun with the presence of beautiful graphics and sound effects.This thus motivates them to continue to learn more which in return will boost their thinking skills. Teachers on the other hand love this way of teaching as it is both entertaining and educational. The e-book users prefer to use this modern way of learning because of the more presentable format which brings a brand new perspective towards the people to experience a more lively way of reading especially the story book lovers. Children once exposed to the usage of e-book they will be used to electronic devices and in future, they will no longer rely on the old traditional method which is the printed book.Electronic texts are no doubt a passage for the generation to get an easy access in education for further study and analysis. The fertile ground for the improvement of teaching and learning, e-book, can benefit the generations greatly in terms of the enjoyment of interesting studying method. As a conclusion, the educators should look into this matter more clearly and make an effort to add electronic texts in their teachings if they haven’t start doing so. Cooperation among the parents and the educators are the key to success to make a change to the younger generations. This foundation will for sure end the upcoming obstacle in generating intellectual students.Reference Hambrecht, W. (2000), Exploring a New Frontier, Corporate E-Learning. Hamilton, R. , Richards, C. and Sharp, C. (2001), â€Å"An examination of e-learning and e-books†, available at: www. dcs. napier. ac. uk/ , mm/socbytes/jun2001/Jun2001_9. htm (accessed 20 November 2010) Mayfield, K. (2000), â€Å" Read a g ood e-textboo k lately? †, Wired News, available at: www. wired. com/news/culture/0,1284,38059,00. html (accessed 12 November 2010). Maynard, S. and McKnight, C. 2001a), â€Å"Children’s comprehension of electronic books: an empirical study†, The New Review of Children’s Literature and Librarianship, Vol. 7, pp. 29-53. Maynard, S. and McKnight, C. (2001b), â€Å"Electronic books for children in UK public libraries†, The Electronic Library, Vol. 19 No. 6, pp. 405-23. Sally Maynard, Emily Cheyne, (2005) â€Å"Can electronic textbooks help children to learn? â€Å", Electronic Library, The, Vol. 23 Iss: 1, pp. 103 – 115. November,25, 2010 http://www. emeraldinsight. com/journals. htm? articleid=1464898 Wilson, R. (2003), â€Å"E-education in the UK†, Journal of Digital Information, Vol. 3 No. 4.

Relationship Dynamics in The Perks of Being a Wallflower Essay

â€Å"My life is an afterschool special.† These words, spoken by the character, Patrick, summarize the dynamics of the relationships portrayed in the movie, The Perks of Being a Wallflower. The movie is a coming-of-age story about Charlie, a boy without any friends, as he enters his first year of high school. While the movie is geared toward young adults, the message portrayed about relationships touches everyone: We accept the love we think we deserve. In the movie, Charlie has a crush on a fun-loving, party-girl, senior, Sam, who is already dating an older boy in college. Though they become close friends and share intimate experiences and feelings with each other, Charlie never asks Sam out. see more:reaction paper about earthquake The movie upholds traditional high school relationship stereotypes from the Sadie Hawkins dance to prom photo shoots but it also illuminates the uniqueness of every close intimate relationship. It is best described by Charlie when he says, â€Å"I know someday our pictures will become old photographs,† like how a moment captured on camera can be seen but never experienced the same way again. Through the dynamics of Sam and Charlie’s relationship, I will show how The Perks of Being a Wallflower depicts a genuine, true love story that represents universal elements everyone experiences in close relationships. Before his first day of high school, Charlie writes, â€Å"I am both happy and sad and I’m still trying to figure out how that can be.† He begins his first day alone, eating by himself in the cafeteria, never raising his hand in class, and keeping his head ducked down in the hallways. One night he decides to go to a high school football game, where he first meets Sam and her stepbrother, Patrick. Together, they watch their school football team win the game and Sam and Patrick invite Charlie to the diner with them afterwards where they talk about their favorite music and what they want to be when they grow up. This act of sharing positive experiences together that benefits the progression of a relationship is called capitalization (Reiss, Carmichael, Caprariello, Tsai, Rodriguez & Maniaci, 2010). Sam and Patrick share the experience of Charlie’s first party, his first school dance, and even the first time he gets high. The most theatrical example of capitalization in the movie is when the three friends are driving home and the song, â€Å"Heroes† by David Bowie comes on the radio and Sam demands that Patrick drive through the Fort Pitt Tunnel so she can stand in the back of the pickup truck while blasting the song over the radio. Charlie is so stricken by the feeling of belonging that he looks at Patrick and says, â€Å"I feel infinite.† Sam and Charlie become closer when they offer each other the comfort of knowing that they are not alone. Their relationship grows even deeper when they learn that they can share their experiences and feelings with each other without being rejected. This happens the first time at Charlie’s first high school party. Charlie, while he is stoned, confesses to Sam that his only friend, Michael, shot himself last spring. Sam shares what Charlie told her with Patrick and they later toast Charlie at the party in order to welcome him as their new friend in front of everyone. Charlie looks as if he is about to cry because for the first time, he feels like he belongs somewhere. As their intimacy progresses, Charlie demonstrates his affections for Sam by giving her gifts and offering displays of affection known as maintenance behaviors in relationships (Stafford, 2003). For example, he makes her a mixed tape themed after the night that they drove through the tunnel together even though he couldn’t find the special song that made them feel â€Å"infinite.† Charlie also offers to help Sam study for the next SATs after he sees how disappointed she is when she receives her scores. Charlie’s self-disclosure and efforts to display affection encourages Sam to share the more private parts of her life without fearing she will be rejected by him. Sam’s moment of self-disclosure is after the Christmas party, when she invites Charlie up to her room for the first time to give him a thank-you present for helping her study for the SATs. On her desk is an old typewriter with a bow for Charlie, because she knows that Charlie wants to be a writer s omeday. When Charlie sees the gift on her desk, he says with disbelief, â€Å"You got me a present?† The glow of happiness off of Charlie’s face demonstrates the physiological reaction of expressing gratitude in relationships. Acts of gratitude are known to significantly increase relationship satisfaction (Demoss, 2004). Not only does Sam display gratitude towards Charlie, but she lets him into her room, her private space where none of the other party guests had been invited to go. In a moment of closeness, after Charlie confesses he’s never kissed a girl, Sam shares with Charlie that her first kiss was when her dad’s boss molested her at the age of ten. Charlie responds with validation, telling her that the same thing happened to his aunt Helen and that she turned her life around. When Sam comments that his aunt must have been a great woman, Charlie responds, â€Å"She was my favorite person in the world, until now.† Sam, overwhelmed with tears, tells Charlie that she knows that he knows she has a boyfriend, but she wants to make sure that the first person that kisses him, loves him. Charlie nods, and Sam leans in and kisses him. For the first time she says, â€Å"I love you, Charlie.† And he responds, â€Å"I love you too.† Charlie and Sam do not become a couple, but they continue to teach each other that they are deserving of genuine love. The greater the impact close relationships have on one’s self-image, the greater satisfaction one will receive from the relationship (Mattingly, Oswald, Clark, 2011). Sam and Charlie do this by perpetuating a positive self-image of each other, increasing the happiness they receive from spending time together. Sam does this for Charlie by acknowledging that he is not crazy and that he is someone worth being friends with. Charlie does this for Sam by encouraging her to apply to colleges and offering the emotional support that he believes in her. Sam and Charlie have a genuine concern for each other’s well being. These compassionate, supportive goals are another example of how responsive they are to each others’ needs (Conovello & Crocker, 2011). Charlie doesn’t just give Sam his most beloved gift because he thinks she’s pretty and wants her to like him. He gives her the Beatles record his deceased aunt Helen left him because he truly cares about her, and he wants her to be happy. It is for the same reason Sam gives Charlie his first kiss. They have goals to meet the needs of each other. However, like all individuals and relationships, Sam and Charlie are not perfect. Despite the genuine love and affection Charlie offers her, Sam continues to date her boyfriend who is cheating on her, and Charlie continues to date Sam’s friend, Mary Elizabeth, even though he doesn’t have romantic feelings for her. After Sam finally dumps her boyfriend and Charlie is no longer dating Mary Elizabeth, Sam confronts Charlie and asks him why he had never asked her out. Charlie responds that he didn’t think she wanted him to and that he just wanted her to be happy. Sam replies, â€Å"You can’t just put everyone’s lives ahead of yours and think that counts as love†¦I don’t want to be someone’s crush, I want people to like the real me.† Charlie fidgets nervously and after a long pause he tells Sam, â€Å"I know who you are,† and he tells her that she’s beautiful and he kisses her. This moment suggests that the impact their relationship had on their self-esteem, brought them both to a point where they could accept the love that the other thought they deserved. Despite all the efforts Sam and Charlie made towards the intimacy of their relationship, the movie does not end happily ever after. The next day Sam leaves for college, and the intimate sexual experience between Charlie and Sam triggered Charlie to have flashbacks of his aunt Helen molesting him as a child and he is hospitalized in a psychiatric ward. Charlie is left alone wondering how it is possible to be happy and sad at the same time and how someone he loved and idolized like his aunt Helen could have done something that hurt him so badly. The Perks of Being a Wallflower is a love story that is told the way Sam described rock love ballads to Charlie: both kitschy and brilliant. The story uses the general setting of stereotypical high school drama to portray the human experience of close relationships. Charlie experiences the euphoria of first love and also the pain of devastating heartbreak. And just like old photographs, whether the setting was a high school dance or a social at a retirement home, the relationships in this movie are relatable to anyone who views them, while also existing as independent unique experiences that will never be lived the same way twice. Even though the movie doesn’t end with Charlie and Sam as a happy couple, it still ends with an uplifting scene reuniting Charlie, Sam, and her brother, Patrick. Charlie is standing in the back of Sam’s pickup truck while they drive through the Fort Pitt Tunnel and his voice narrates, â€Å"I know these will all be stories someday and our pictures will become old photographs, but right now, this is happening.† He acknowledges that the experience of human relationships is something that everyone will experience and that all of the moments shared will become memories, but Charlie shows that the energy that comes from love lives in the moment where you feel like you are the only one who has ever experienced it before. â€Å"That one moment†¦when you’re listening to that song on that drive with the people you love most in this world†¦I swear, we are infinite.† References Canvello, A., & Crocker, J. (2011). Interpersonal goals, others’ regard for the self, and self-esteem: The paradoxical consequences of self-image and compassionate goals. European Journal of Social Psychology, 41, 422-434. Demoss, Y. (2004). Brief interventions and resiliency in couples. Dissertation Abstracts International: The Sciences and Engineering, 65(5-B), 2619. Mattingly, B.A., Oswald, D.L., & Clark, E.M. (2011). An examination of relational-interdependent self-construal, communal strength, and pro-relationship behaviors in friendships. Personality and Individual Differences, 50, 1243-1248. Reis, H.T., Smith, S.M., Carmichael, C.L., Caprariello, P.A., Tsai, F., Rodriguez, A., & Maniaci, M.R. (2010). Are you happy for me? How sharing positive events with others provides personal and interpersonal benefits. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 99, 311-329. Stafford, L. (2003). Maintaining romantic relationships: A summary and analysis of one research program. In D.J. Canary & M. Dainton (Eds.), Maintaining relationships through communication: Relational, contextual, and cultural variations (pp. 51-77). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.

Federal Government’s Response to Economic Issues of Tariff Essay

One outstanding feature of the railway transport during the 1880’s was reduction of freight charges to large shippers, a fact that was disadvantageous to small shippers. Railway transport was also infamous for excessive charges between destinations that were served by one railway line. Moreover, some railroads  Ã‚   demanded more payment from some shippers than from others, for the same distance covered (Brinkley et.al 1995). When Cleverland assumed office for the first time, his administration passed the first Interstate Commercial Act that primarily regulated transportation by railway line, in addition to creating an Interstate Commerce Commission (ICC) that protected against any violations of the Act. The Act also prevented levying of extra charges, and discrimination in rates and rebates. Cleverland played an active role in effecting reduction of the high Tariffs. (Brinkley et.al 1995) He believed that high tariffs were the reason behind the high cost of living and for the rapid manner in which trusts were developing.   In 1887 and 1888, he made attempts to lower rates of protective tariff. These attempts were however, unsuccessful (Farmer, 2005). His   Ã‚  second term in office as the president was characterized by severe economic and financial crisis brought by collapse in the stock market. However, despite the crisis, Cleverland’s administration also saw the passing of The Wilson-Gorman Tariff Act of 1894. This law had important concessions to protectionism, in addition to reducing the rates of Tariff. (Brinkley et.al 1995) When Harrison became the president in 1889, his Government, in order to fulfill election promises, passed the McKinley tariff Act, This Act sought to protect established industries and to encourage growth of emerging industries (Farmer, 2005). The McKinley Tariff however became unpopular especially with farmers and consumers since it occasioned a rise in retail prices and led to increase in the import rates in industrial goods. However, during Harrison’s term in office, eight treaties that led to reduction in tariff rates were negotiated. Harrison’s tenure also saw the passing of the famous Sherman Anti-Trust Act, which vested the government with powers of filing lawsuits against business organizers whose actions restrained competition. This law was however, not enforced and the concentration of trusts went on as before (Brinkley et.al 1995). Reference 1.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Brinkley, A., Freidel, F., Williams, H. T. (1995). American History: A Survey. (9th ed). New York. McGraw Hill. 2.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Farmer, B.R. (2005). American Conservatism: History Theory and Practice. England. Cambridge Scholars Press.

Plagiarism is academic dishonesty Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Plagiarism is academic dishonesty - Essay Example Writing is the fundamental source of knowledge which is vital for progress and development in all areas. Therefore, writing has to be original and the ownership must be declared. Avoiding plagiarism is also necessary in order to improve the validity of information. When an individual owns a piece of writing, he/she essentially becomes responsible for the credibility of information given therein. This paper tends to explore what plagiarism and academic dishonesty are and the factors that influence academic dishonesty. Literature Review Plagiarism Plagiarism can be defined as the act of taking and using an individual’s thoughts, inventions, or writings and presenting them as your own in your paper. It is an honesty concern and it entails attempting to persuade someone like a college professor that the piece of writing or the idea is your original work, when you are aware that someone else exactly used the thought you did (Cruey 1). In other words, plagiarism is a literary theft. It is the stealth of ideas as well as words. Plagiarized work creates confusions about the original ownership of the data.

INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL STRATEGY Coursework Assignment

INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL STRATEGY Coursework - Assignment Example Financial crisis begun in the USA, spread to Europe and the rest of the world. In the year 2007 to 2009, a deadly financial crisis hit the world (Jones, n.d.). Recession hit several countries such as UK, Spain, USA and Ireland, where the first experiences included raising expenses emanating from the housing. Economists, journalists, and other bodies like countries' governments interpreted the recession widely (Munyo, n.d). According to Fosberg (n.d.), the financial crisis originated from subprime mortgage loans, and debts. These types of finances backed other financial elements deterioration. It extended their problems to other sectors. For example, Bear Stearns announced the initial indicator of financial crisis; two of their subprime hedge funds have translated into worthless assets in a short time (Leeuwen, 2011). Moreover, there was collapsing of the financial market in the USA when the auctioning rates collapsed in 2008. Buyers who failed to bid for securities in the market char acterized it. According to Fosberg (n.d.), recession is a significant decline of economic action occurs in a period ranging from months to years. From the European Commission, there is no specific definition of the term economic activities (Smith, and mendoza, 2011). Instead, the European Commission is comparing the economy movers’ factors such as Gross Domestic Product (GDP), and Production and Income of the country as per its GDP. This explains the identification of an economy headed to recession (Grenville, 1999). Merrouche and Nier defines recession as a phase of business cycle whereby the overall output in the economic actions like income and employment declines for a period extended for more than 6 months (Munyo, n.d). The financial crisis constricts the business activity and the GDP reduces leading to lowering of the employment chances. Moreover, recessions occur when there is a decline in the state of Gross Net Product for more than half a year. Their definition and m entioning of the measures of the economic crisis is wider than just GDP (Zarebski, and Dimovski, 2012). The occurrence of the financial crisis had several negative impacts on the financial market. For instance, there was a reduction of securities issued by the firm such as the lending organizations (Powell, Nilipornkul, and Allen, 2013). Moreover, the world experienced various effects of the financial structure such as disrupted financial markets, the debt and the equity capital for company expenditure reduced, and severe recession in many countries. In addition, economic recession marked a significant change in the way people spend their income in terms of the pattern and habits followed when spending. The main problem required comprehending and anticipation of the expected new environment with an understanding of consumers’ attitudes and needs (Zarebski, Paul and Dimovski, Bill 2012 percentage). Moreover, the same year was characterized by rising of credits as many of the i nvestment firms that used short term loans to fund their projects were having difficulties tapping the resource for their firm`s growth (Schwellnus, Goujard, and Ahrend, 2012). Before recession, early 2007, the USA was experiencing a growth GDP rate of 3 percent and the rate of unemployment was significantly lower than the current trends. However, indicators outlined that the housing cost fell sharply, at a rate of 9 percent. The credit card companies were reducing by refusing new applications

The History Of Christopher Columbus Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

The History Of Christopher Columbus - Essay Example Prior to hardcore revelations made by Bigelow regarding the extraordinarily respectful public hero Columbus, the American nation strongly believed that Columbus was the courageous navigator who took great pains to travel around the world and discover the land of America, where he found the local people to be extremely co-operative, friendly, and understanding. The fresh and riveting information introduced by Bigelow in his revisionist history based on the voyage made by Columbus in 1492 has turned many persons’ heads and rustled up hot debates regarding which version of the voyage made by Columbus is weighty and credible, the old traditional one or the new not-so-pretty version. Comparing the conventional and modern versions regarding Columbus’s historical journey, one remains dumbfounded as to what to believe and what to reject as a fake piece of information. If on one hand, the conventional historical version presents an extremely noble, well-mannered, compassionate, and heroic version of Columbus, then on other hand, the modern version introduced by Bigelow is enough to fervently shake one’s beliefs about various actions made by Columbus to the point that one starts seeing oneself as a submissive fool, who readily took what was taught in the schools at mere face value. Traditional historical version is so designed as to overlook all the deficiencies in Columbus’s character and present him as a man of larger-than-life vision who was dedicated to the native residents of America and treated them with remarkable dignity, while taking great care to give them their space so that they could live their lives the way they were prior to the di scovery and arrival of Columbus and his men. Bigelow claims that first of all, the word discovery is in itself a laughably loaded word that does not relate in any way to Columbus, who was just travelling for personal gain and certainly ambitious to search for riches and gold that could be enjoyed by him and his heirs. It was just a mater of co-incidence that he came across the land which was to be named America later. Columbus’s main intention never remained traveling for the sake of discovery, rather he travelled in an order to search for ways that could make him powerful. T hunger for power and money is just proved by the way Columbus and his men treated the native residents of America. Columbus forced the native people to choose him as their governor and unjustifiably demanded 10% share in everything that was shipped to Spain. It was Columbus who actually initiated the slave trade and like a brutal tyrant that he was, demanded large amounts of gold from the native people. The conventional and modern historical versions differ so hugely that one finds oneself entrapped between the two utterly opposite schools of thought. Speaking of Columbus, (Bigelow) says that â€Å"he also deserves credit for initiating the trans-Atlantic slave trade, albeit in the opposite direction than we’re used to thinking of it.† In an attempt to get more and more students acquainted with the modern version of Columbus’s history, Bigelow lays stress on the fact that taking any piece of information at its face value is a highly detestable attitude which should be despised by every student. Bigelow encourages students to explore and contemplate at length nearly every widely accepted belief because only in this way, fresh and crisp facts can be exposed before the public. He deliberately chose the historical issue of Columbus and his actual intentions because he knew this would prove to be the most interesting way to get hold of the

Strategic Analysis on Industry Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Strategic Analysis on Industry - Essay Example The report concludes with key drivers for change and success in the selected industry. The UK Hotels and Motels Industry comprises of establishments that are providing short-term lodging including hotels, motor hotels, resort hotels, and motels. In addition to the lodging services they also offer services, such as food and beverage services, recreational services, conference rooms and convention services, laundry services, parking, and other services1. The UK hotels and motels industry could be segregated into different groups according to the type of customers they serve including domestic consumers, domestic business and international business & consumers. Evaluation of the UK hotels and motels industry suggest that the main revenue drivers other than providing accommodation are from services such as casinos, conferences, matrimonial gatherings, social functions, shops and telecommunication services. A recent survey carried out by Data Monitor, a research company, highlighted that the total revenues of the UK Hotels and Motels Industry were $35 billion in 2008 that implies a CAGR of 5.6% over the period 2004-2008. However, the same report expects that the industry will slow down because of the poor economic conditions currently prevailing in the global market and lower spending on travel and tourism. The industry is expected to grow at a lower CAGR of 3% till 2013 to reach a level of $40.1 billion2. The international political scenario is negating the growth prospects of the hotels and motels industry. The political risks have direct correlation with the investment decisions of international hotel companies in developing countries. Political instability in a country creates social unrest that could affect the flow of travellers to that country that may in return affect the sales of hotels and motels. These political risks could also be viewed as

The Need to Establish a Film Industry in Sierra Leone Term Paper

The Need to Establish a Film Industry in Sierra Leone - Term Paper Example Further, schools and colleges were encouraged to join the industry through events such as National Art Festivals. However, all these were dropped at some point. The film has been dragging along without proper regulation and no empowerment at all. Consequently, local Sierra Leoneans can now only produce poor quality films which cannot make it to the international platforms. No wonder, only foreign films shot in Sierra Leone make it to the international level. However, it is worth noting that the spirit to revive the industry is alive. What needs to be done is to set up necessary mechanism such as film schools to empower the industry into producing quality products. Rationale For many in the West, Sierra Leone remains the land of blood diamonds and drugged-up child soldiers, even though the country has been at peace for almost a decade. The film â€Å"Blood Diamond† was the one that installed the image for many overseas. At a time when Sierra Leone was desperately looking to reb rand itself, the film scared off tourists and drove away investors. Now, we will aim to erase that image with the establishment of the new film school. The President of Sierra Leone stressed that the film industry will tell a new story of peace, democracy, humanity, and determined to progress in many areas of human endeavors. Sierra Leone’s first ever film and acting school, IDF Film School, will be established by the Director of Institut de Francais, Ahmed K. Mansaray who also doubles as a movie executive producer and director.

Analysis of Operation Situation and Competition of UK Insurance Essay

Analysis of Operation Situation and Competition of UK Insurance Industry - Essay Example These companies are Aviva Plc., Prudential Plc. and Royal and Sun Alliance Insurance Group. The first part of the paper includes PEST and Porter Five Forces analysis, while keeping in view the industry trends and environment. In addition to this, analysis of financial performance of the selected three insurance companies in UK has also been performed. This activity has been carried out with the help of ratio analysis; comparison of key financial indicators against closes competitors and industry standards. The next part of the paper consists of strategic analysis of the selected insurance businesses by utilizing Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threat (SWOT) model. The SWOT model is considered to be helpful in determining what are the external factors and future prospects that might have an influence on the direction of the business. Additionally, the model also identifies the role of internal factors of a business that might result in effecting the performance of the busines s on strategic and financial grounds. After presenting these analyses, a discussion based on the findings from analysis has been presented, which provides the ratings for selected companies on the basis of their financial performance and SWOT analysis. The insurance industry has been chosen for this project looking at the importance of this industry in terms of its contribution to the economy of UK. The insurance industry has played a vital a vital role in covering the customers from the risks of investment, health and education, etc. This industry have been satisfied the customers in terms of their requirements of general insurance as well as life insurance. Due to the demand of these products in the market, the industry has registered a strong trend of sales and revenue earnings. According to Global Business Browser (2012), the value of UK insurance market increased by 2.6% to $319.7 billion in 2011, which makes

Financial Markets & Risks Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Financial Markets & Risks - Essay Example They can be in the form of a guaranteed annuity or a cash balance that an employee can draw upon at retirement. A pension that is created by an employer for an employee is known as an occupational pension. The government or other organisations may also sponsor pensions. Pension plans are a form of deferred compensation. The United Kingdom pension system is characterised by three tiers. The first tier is that of Basic State Pension (BSP) which is provided by the state. There are several pension schemes in the second tier. The state, employers, or private sector financial institutions provide these schemes. These pension schemes may be divided into two broad types: Defined Benefit (DB) pension schemes, and Defined Contributions pension scheme (DC). The DB schemes include the State-Earning-Related-Pension Scheme (SERPS), and occupational pension schemes provided by employers. The DC schemes include the contribution pension schemes offered by employers, and the personal pension, or a stakeholder pension fund held with a financial institution. The third tier of UK's pension system is voluntary and it takes the form of additional voluntary contributions (AVCs and FSAVCs) into occupational or personal pension schemes. The pension schemes we need to focus on behalf of the company are occupational pension schemes. ... In the DB pension scheme, the retirement pension benefits are related to the member's final salary upon retirement, and length of service. This is a "funded" plan in which both employer and employee contribute towards the pension fund. A DC pension scheme is a scheme that provides an individual account for each employee participant. The benefits are solely on the amount contributed to the account, gains, expenses and losses allocated to the account. The plan contributions, which are fixed for both the employer and employee, are paid into the account for each member. These contributions are invested and the returns are also credited to the individual's account. On retirement, the member's account is used to provide retirement benefits. This is usually through the purchase of an annuity that provides regular income post retirement. The members also have the option to draw a certain lumpsum amount before purchasing annuities. These plans also may offer the facility to members to select the types of investments towards which the pension funds would be allocated. Relative Merits of DB and DC Schemes The contributions in case of DB schemes are higher to keep up with the cost of providing the defined retirement benefits. It is even higher for employers relative to employees. DB plans offer less mobility than the DC plans because the transfer costs and difficulty in transfer of funds is very high for the DB Plans. DC plans offer higher portability. Both the DB and DC plans offer tax relief on contributions to employers. Tax relief is usually higher in case of DB plans due to higher contributions. Unlike the DB schemes, in a DC scheme a member cannot predict his pension at the time of retirement, as it is difficult to predict what capital he will accumulate

United States History Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

United States History - Essay Example The Boston Massacre took place on March 5, 1770, when the British troops stormed into the Boston mob who was protesting against them at the customs commission. This event is considered to be the foundation of the first battle in the history of American Revolution that took place just five years after that. In the year 1771, the colonies started to grow and hundreds of miles of roads were under construction in New Hampshire alone. In Connecticut, the General Assembly directed Jonathan Trimball, the governor to collect the public papers and letters, which affected the interest of the colony. The foundation of the first independent Anglo-American government took place in East Tennessee by Watauga Association, who was in the need of mutual protection. It was during this time that the House of Burgesses present in the Colony of Virginia reacted negatively to the policies of the British by establishing a committee that contacted other colonies who had the similar defense. This led to the i ssuance of Virginia Resolution by establishing the committee of correspondence. In the year 1772, a satirical essay was written and published by Benjamin Franklin in â€Å"The Public Advertiser†. In the seventeenth century, the war of independence took place between the Great Britain and the thirteen British colonies existed on the eastern seaboard present in North America. The battles of Concord and Lexington that took place between the colonial Minutemen and British Army marked the beginning of the war.

Lists of input and output information and sources Essay Example for Free

Lists of input and output information and sources Essay Prior to outlining the input and output information, the system development life cycle must be in place so that the analysis is done accordingly. The correct nature of the inputs and the outputs would make the system design vary accordingly as it requires to capture the information and put it into a frame to interpret in a decisive manner to take further decisions. The systems development life cycle for Bead Bar is as follows: 1. Feasibility analysis: The new proposed system and the present working system are analyzed so that the ROI (Return On Investment) is obtained. The proposed system is further analyzed for economical, technical, schedule and other feasibilities so that it stands in front of all difficulties in the development of the project. The Bead bar enterprise’s key management people are involved in the process of feasibility analysis. All the inputs, outputs and external environment are studied in detail so that the underlying intricacies would be researched well for their impact and development. Inputs: Bead Bar’s inputs are in the form of company’s short and long term objectives, its financial base and credibility for years to come, its general strategic plans, consent of the advisors and directors, risk handling strategies and many others. Outputs: The feasibility has outputs in the form of higher management approval for the sustenance of the systems development, its full length use to cover all business functions, risk mitigation strategies and many others. 2. Systems planning and requirements gathering: After the system is thoroughly checked for all its inputs and outputs, the requirements phase takes the lead. All the key stakeholders of the departments and the users of the system must be taken into account for gathering the crucial departmental functions, requirements and its interaction with other departments to achieve the central goal of the enterprise. Input: It must be in the form of the users of the system who are better-off to understand and figure out the exact ground level happenings in the business. Their view of the workings of the enterprise must be captured so that appropriate implementation can be done. Output: The valuable information fetched from the users of the system must be given a representation and frame it accordingly to fix it into a system. 3. Systems Analysis and Design: Bead Bar’s system requirements are studied and the system is analyzed and designed accordingly. The flow of data is analyzed so that the system captures the entire business cycle and their functions. Inputs: It would come from the requirements gathering phase and the order of business flow. Outputs: It would result in helping the analysts and designers in the process of database handling and further development of the system. 4. Database Model: The database model for Bead Bar is as follows, which shows the interaction of the different entities of the business. Figure 1 : Database Model 5. Coding: The above design is given a representation of the business and the various functions are finally implemented at this stage. Inputs: It is in the form of requirements gathered from the previous stages and the design documents. Outputs: It results in actual implementation of the system so that it can be viewed physically. 6. Implementation and Training: This stage correlates with actual planting of the system at the Bead Bar so that the present system is replaced and the proposed system takes its place. The users must be trained to operate the business functions with the system, store and retrieve data whenever it is demanded. 7. System feedback and maintenance: The general working of the system must be responded back so that any form of negative points would be highlighted and discussed to take advantage of the system and technologies involved. 8. Systems Review and Maintenance schedule: The review and maintenance schedule must include the following: Preventative maintenance – Maintenance schedules are a necessity for keeping the resources of a system in good health. The hardware, network equipments, communication programs and software must be periodically checked whether it is up and running (Mawer, 2000).

What Makes Business Communication a Success

What Makes Business Communication a Success Introduction Business communication is vital for success in all business. Success in this context means, being able to accomplish a particular task or to achieve a specific objective. Good business communications in relationships either with fellow staffs or customers is needed in order to prosper. Business success can be measured in terms of the practicability of business relationships which is directly proportional to the quality of communication (Harvard Business School Press, 2003:122). In this paper I will look at the ways of achieving successful communication, the difference between slogans and media sound bites and how slogans are used to draw audience attention. Steps in Achieving Successful Business Communication The first step in successful business communication is to identify the communication weaknesses in a business. This can be through brainstorming where challenges facing the business can be identified. Such challenges can be obtained through reviewing the day to day activities of the business (Guffer Almonte, 2009:4). Some questions may serve as a guideline, these include: Have employees been provided with a good working environment? Are they happy with what they are doing? Has the business been able to satisfy all the clients? Is proper information provided to all stakeholders? Is there good flow of conversations? After reviewing the above issues, then the business has to address these challenges giving the first priority to the most troublesome. By addressing the challenges one by one the relationship in general is strengthened. There is need to develop proactive and constructive communication skills in order to tackle these challenges. Once a challenge is chosen, one has to consider the issues that make it a challenge then address them systematically. For example, a business may be faced by a challenge of unsatisfied employees; issues causing this may be inadequate communication, lack of a safe working environment or poor organization structure. If such issues are addressed, then that challenge will be tackled. Communication means more than just giving out messages; it involves speaking, listening, sending, and receiving messages (Guffey, Rogin and Rhodes, 2009: 4). In communication, listening is the key to success and most of the time listening gets people into problems because they do not practice it. For business communication to be successful, listening has to be proficient. Listening simply means holding back ones judgment and allowing answers to come from outside. When a business is faced with challenges, there are people who already know what the problem is. Allowing them to give their ideas concerning that particular problem really helps. It is not always easy to hold back and allow others to give their opinion but if this is practiced it results in business communication success (Krizan et al 2007:82). After listening and taking notes from the suggested solutions, a business can now move forward and define what it wants to achieve. This is a very critical stage and one has to be proactive in order to achieve success. One has to think about the benefits to be achieved and how they will affect the success of the business. A suggested solution may be to improve the businesss relationship with its customers. Strategies to achieve this includes but not limited to answering calls in a polite manner, addressing all concerns, listening to customers, responding to complains, providing information, and thanking customers for their support (Stone Jacobs, 2007:179). This helps in earning customers confidence. The next step is to prepare a communication plan that is proactive. This is a plan that is prepared after defining a business success and getting solution from the listening activities. Things to be included in the plan include: taking employees to seminars that cover topics such as customer care, organizing get together between employers and employees, rewarding employees, holding regular meetings, including major stakeholders in business decision, assurance to personal service among others. This plan does not concentrate in solving past troubles but in laying down a good foundation that guarantees business future success (Pride et al 2009:169). A communication plan should take into consideration the availability of resources and whether the business aims at a long term or short term objective. Once a communication plan has been prepared, the business now focuses on the implementation. The expected result should be kept in mind and the main constitute of the plan reviewed to make sure they are in line with the expected result. The implementation process should involve as many people as possible but it should have one person who is accountable to it. Once the implementation process is complete, the business should take time to reflect on what it has just done and consider whether it has been able to meet the objective of the plan. The final step of a successful business communication is evaluation of the results. One should go back two steps and review what was the objective and aim of carrying out the plan. The results should be evaluated to make sure that they are in line with the expectation. Once the business is satisfied with the result, it should take time to thank everyone who participated in the whole process and reward itself. Sound Bites Sound bites are brief statements that clearly state the aims, purpose, or nature of a certain product. They are taken from an interview of a person with authority such as a politician, a director, or a marketing manager of a certain company. Sound bites are considered to be the most important point from the interview by the people responsible for editing it and they are inserted into the news broadcast (Whitaker et al 2004: 289). For them to be effective they must use vivid self-motivated language, be brief and clear, outstanding and easy to repeat (Mclean, 2010:2). Slogans Slogans are short and memorable phrases that are used in advertising movements. They are aimed at drawing peoples attention to particular features of a product. The main purpose of a slogan is to emphasize an aspect that a company may wish to be remembered such as marketing its corporate image, product, or its consumer foundation. An effective slogan should give an overview of the benefits of a certain product, it should be direct and brief, give an implausible notion about the product or brand, and it should make the consumer feel a need for the product (Shimp, 2008:220). A slogan portrays the best image of a product. It should make a product appear as the best in the market. Examples of such slogans include: Guinness is good for you, Gillette- à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“the best a man can getà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ , Persil -à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“washes whiterà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ . Some slogans used in water conservation include à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“conserve water and conserve lifeà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ , à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“cut one tree, plant twoà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ , à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“rainwater tank, wont break the bankà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ . The message in slogans is aimed for a specific purpose and for specific audience. An example of a reproductive slogan is à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“keep that school girl completionà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  Palmolive soap. For survival à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“obey your thirstà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  spirit, for a specific audience à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“choosy mother choose Jifà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  Jif peanuts butter (Saad, 2007:156). Conclusion Business communication is vital in business success. For communication to be effective it should embrace good relationships with major stakeholders of a business. One has to establish the weakness in business communication, address these weaknesses and allow room for listening. Communication means more than just giving out messages; it involves speaking, listening, sending and receiving messages. Listening simply means holding back ones judgment and allowing answers to come from outside. The next step is to prepare a communication plan that is proactive. This is a plan that is prepared after defining a businesss success and getting solution from the listening activities then evaluate the results of the plan. Reference List Guffer, M. E. Almonte, R. (2009) Essentials of Business Communication. Cengage Learning, Guffey, E.M., Rogin, P. and Rhodes, K. (2009) Business Communication: Process and Product. Third Brief Canadian Edition. Nelson Education Ltd Harvard Business School Press, (2003) Business Communication. Harvard Business Essentials Harvard Business Press. Krizan et al., (2007) Business Communication. Cengage Learning McLean, S. (2010) Business communication for success: Sound bites and quotable quotes [Online]. Flat world knowledge. Available from: http://www.flatworldknowledge.com/pub/business-communicatin-success/70245 Pride et al. (2009) Business. Gale, engage Learning Saad, G. (2007). The evolutionary bases of consumption. Marketing and consumer psychology series. Routledge Shimp, T. (2008) Advertising Promotion, and Other Aspects of Integrated Marketing Communications. Cengage Learning Stone, B. Jacobs, R. (2007) Successful direct marketing methods: interactive, database, and customer-based marketing for digital age. New York, McGraw-Hill Professional Whitaker et al., (2004) Media writing: print, broadcast, and public relations. New York, Routledge

Market Based Accounting Research Impacts

Market Based Accounting Research Impacts Market-based Accounting Research Introduction Accounting provides financial data about the performance of a company. This data enables accounting information users, including investors, to take their decisions about investing in the shares of a company. Similarly, accounting research evaluates the usefulness of this accounting data to investors and other users. The relationship between the two can be examined through market-based accounting research. Market-based accounting research is a search into relationship between publicly disclosed accounting information and the consequences of use of this information by equity investors. In other words, market-based accounting research examines the association between accounting numbers and security return and tests whether or not accounting data carry any information content to security market. Rationale for the Research Market-based Accounting Research is extremely relevant to the study of capital market efficiency, CAPM, information economics and regulation. The main drive of market-based accounting research comes from major developments in finance theory during the last few decades, especially in late 50s and early 60s. These developments include portfolio selection theory, Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM), and the concept of information-efficient capital markets followed by developments in information economics, agency theory and optimal incentive-signaling models. The rationale of this study has its basis in the research in this area in the past. Over the past three decades, a significant amount of research in market-based accounting research has emerged to evaluate the usefulness of accounting data to investors and the association between the accounting numbers and security return. In fact in the recent years due to development of capital markets, globalization and increase in stock trading, market-based accounting research has become even more important. Contemporary market-based accounting research has primarily focused on its international dimension which has had important policy implications for regulators and others who deal with disclosure requirements in different stock exchanges. The focus of this dissertation will be on examining how market-based accounting research impacts the kind of common stock traded in major stock exchanges. In light of this, the study will examine the relationship between accounting numbers, stock market returns and market valuations. Key Aims Objectives As indicated above, the prime focus of the study is to examine contemporary accounting theory and research with an emphasis on market-based accounting research and its impact on capital markets. As market based accounting research is based on the valuation of firms and their securities, the use of financial statements for valuation purposes, and the implications for financial reporting and corporate governance, all these areas will form a part of this study. The study aims to: Describe the concept of market based accounting research Identify the information content of market-based accounting research Provide an insight into local market conditions as well as comparative international state of market-based accounting research. Examine the role of market-based accounting research and the importance of disclosure of accounting information on capital markets Examine how published information is used by investors for designing their trading strategies Describe how market-based accounting research information impacts the capital markets efficiency Describe accounting based valuation and relate it to the content of brokers’ reports Key Research Questions The three key research questions proposed to be examined by this study are: What is the role of accounting information in capital markets? What is the information content of accounting information? What is the market-based accounting research hypothesis in context of influence on investors investing in stocks? Another key research question is how the market reacts to reported earnings, as well as the impact of reported earnings on the properties of analysts’ forecasts. These questions, especially the information content of accounting information, can be measured by the influence of the information on security prices. While measuring the influence it is assumed that investors can understand the differences in earnings that are due to differences between accounting methods. In other words, the study is based on efficient market hypothesis or the assumption that stock prices accurately and quickly adapt to all available information and therefore prevent individuals from getting abnormal return. Proposed Research Methodology Sources of Data / Information The study will be both exploratory as well as descriptive and will rely on both primary as well as secondary sources of information. Sampling for Primary Information Primary data will be collected from a sample consisting of both brokers as well as individual and institutional active investors who have invested in equity shares in a few pre-selected companies listed on the US or European stock exchanges. The period of investment will be from 2000-2006 as 6 years is a sufficient time to analyse the impact. These investors will be chosen on the basis of the frequency with which they invest in the securities. Data will be collected by administering questionnaires seeking information on how these investors make an investment decision. Sources of Secondary Information The prime source of secondary data will be: Annual reports of the selected companies under consideration. The variables that will be focused upon will include stock returns, dividends, net income on sale, return of equity, return on asset, debt ratio, interest coverage, current ratio, Price-earning ratio and price. The final report will be supplemented with information from: Literature searches ( refer list of references at the end of the document ) Past articles and research in the area Internet searches: Searching specific data from Yahoo and Google search engine Data Analysis Data will be compiled into data master sheets. The statistical description for all the variables will be presented in a separate table. The various sets of information pooled over the five year period of study will be clearly presented in the table in context of the various variables. The standard deviation and also correlation between the variables and the stock return will be determined and analysed. Correlation will be based on Karl Pearson’s method of correlation. In addition to standard deviation and correlation, regression analysis will also be used for examining the market reaction to reported accounting information. Regression is used for analysis of impact of independent variables on the dependent variable. The dependent variable for regression analysis will be stock returns while the independent variables will be dividends, Net income on Sale, return of equity, return on asset, debt ratio, interest coverage, current ratio, and price-earnings ratio. Regression equations will be solved using Ordinary Least Square method (OLS). Qualitative data gathered from the investors may include opinions of respondents on a certain issues, reasons for certain behaviour and descriptions of certain procedures, practices or perceptions with which the researcher is not familiar. The data can be analysed by classifying all answers into a few categories. References Abeyratna, G, A.A.Lonie, D.M. Power and C.D. Sinclair (1993), The Stock Market Reaction to Dividend Announcements: A UK Study of a Complex Market Signal, University of Dundee. Bonin, Joseph M. and Edward A. Moses (1974), Seasonal Variations in Prices of Individual Dow Jones Industrial Stocks, Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis Charest, Guy (1978) Dividend Information, Stock Returns and Market Efficiency II, Journal of Financial Economics, Vol. 6 Dyckman, Thomas R. and Dale Morse (1986), Efficient Capital Markets and Accounting: A Critical Analysis, Prentice-Hall. Foster, Taylor W. and Don Vickrey (1978) The Information Content of Stock Dividend Announcement, Accounting Review. Vol. LIII. No. 2 Kinney, W. (April 1986.), Empirical Accounting Research Design for Ph.D. Students, Accounting Review Kothari, S.P. Capital Markets Research in Accounting, Journal of Accounting and Economics Vol. 31 Nos. 1-3 Ross, Stephen A. 1978, The Current Status of the Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM). The Journal of Finance, Vol.XXXIII. No. 3 Scholes, Myron S. 1972. The Market for Securities: Substitution versus Price Pressure and the Effects of Information on Share Prices, Journal of Business

Essay --

English 103 Marla Allegre 20 November 2013 Abolishing the Death Penalty for Good One of the most controversial issues in the modern world concerns the acceptability of the death penalty. The death penalty is still exercised in many areas as a punishment for heinous crimes especially murder. Communities from the Europe and North America embrace the death penalty as a suitable punishment methodology and from 1608 to 2011 the United States has executed 14,489 people (Evans, Brian). The death penalty has come a long way from the firing squads that were used for the first recorded execution in 1608 of George Kendall for alleged espionage activity (Evans, Brian). However, pertinent issues concerning capital punishment are unlikely to be resolved soon due to the different justifications given by the different sides. Central issues of the death penalty revolve around the cost of the death penalty for the taxpayer’s verses life in prison, the errors that are made during criminal cases, and especially the argument that the death penalty does little to deter crime. Due to the economic crisis in the United States today death penalty opponents have formed their most successful argument yet-money. Just two states have abolished the death penalty in the past forty years, New Jersey in 2007 and New Mexico in 2009. The cost of capital punishment played a key role in both decisions, and is driving current legislative attempts to repeal the death penalty in a number of other states. The bittersweet reality is that money, not morality has become the reason for saving lives. In California, which houses the largest death row facility in the United States, it costs about $137 million annually to maintain the state’s capital punishment system (Lain,... ...me again that that is just not the case. In a time where the United States is in an economic crisis, it is time to start finding ways to cut budgets, and since the death penalty is a punishment that is rarely carried out, I believe that is a good place to start. Not only would we be saving billions of dollars in tax payer money, we would also cut down the rate of people falsely imprisoned on death row due to false testimony, new DNA test results or other new evidence. The claim that the death penalty deters crime can also be dismissed due to the fact that violent crime has been linked to the socioeconomic state of the country, not to the death penalty. If we abolish the death penalty we could use the billions of dollars we would save towards rebuilding the impoverished cities of our nation, and giving people with mental health issues the kind of care that they need.

Using Ethos, Pathos and Logos in Advertisements Essay -- Advertising M

Using Ethos, Pathos and Logos in Advertisements An advertisement is a form of public writing in which the author uses writing strategies as a way to catch the attention of a reader and to persuade that reader to purchase what he or she is promoting. In order to create an effective advertisement, the author relies on the product’s credibility, uses reasons to convince the reader to buy what he/she is promoting, and attempts to appeal to the reader based on emotion. A way in which this can be achieved is through using three components of writing known as ethos, pathos and logos. As an example to illustrate how these strategies can be used as an effective method of persuasion, I have chosen to analyze an advertisement produced by a travel agency. In the ad, the author’s attempt is to use logos and pathos as his primary means of persuasion but touches on all three components of writing as a method of luring the reader into choosing Texas as the primary choice for a vacation destination. The author’s intent is to rely on this location to represent the travel agency as a source for planning the vacation. Using ethos is a way of appealing to the reader based on the credibility of the source in which the author is trying to promote. Credibility can be accomplished by using tactics to support reliability. First, the author attempts to establish credibility by relying on tradition and value. He accomplishes this in the advertisement by placing major emphasis on a man wearing a belt buckle. He states, "You look more closely. And see a grapefruit-sized rodeo championship belt buckle, dazzling in the sunlight. And you know at that moment, you must be in Texas" (McCALL p. 87). One may argue that the ad establishes the locatio... ...pathos is used as the most persuasive form to support the text of the advertisement. In analyzing the advertisement, it is clear that the author ties all these forms of writing together. In doing so, he hopes to gain the biggest audience by appealing to many different life styles. The author uses persuasion as a tactic, which is used to lure potential vacation hunters in to choosing his place of choice. He presents all forms of writing strategies (ethos, pathos, and logos) in the advertisement with the most concentration on logos and pathos. The author feels that the best way to persuade the audience of choice is to state the facts in the text, and then support those facts by appealing to the emotions, which is accomplished in the picture. In some cases, the author only selects one category of writing, which all depends on what he or she is trying to promote. Using Ethos, Pathos and Logos in Advertisements Essay -- Advertising M Using Ethos, Pathos and Logos in Advertisements An advertisement is a form of public writing in which the author uses writing strategies as a way to catch the attention of a reader and to persuade that reader to purchase what he or she is promoting. In order to create an effective advertisement, the author relies on the product’s credibility, uses reasons to convince the reader to buy what he/she is promoting, and attempts to appeal to the reader based on emotion. A way in which this can be achieved is through using three components of writing known as ethos, pathos and logos. As an example to illustrate how these strategies can be used as an effective method of persuasion, I have chosen to analyze an advertisement produced by a travel agency. In the ad, the author’s attempt is to use logos and pathos as his primary means of persuasion but touches on all three components of writing as a method of luring the reader into choosing Texas as the primary choice for a vacation destination. The author’s intent is to rely on this location to represent the travel agency as a source for planning the vacation. Using ethos is a way of appealing to the reader based on the credibility of the source in which the author is trying to promote. Credibility can be accomplished by using tactics to support reliability. First, the author attempts to establish credibility by relying on tradition and value. He accomplishes this in the advertisement by placing major emphasis on a man wearing a belt buckle. He states, "You look more closely. And see a grapefruit-sized rodeo championship belt buckle, dazzling in the sunlight. And you know at that moment, you must be in Texas" (McCALL p. 87). One may argue that the ad establishes the locatio... ...pathos is used as the most persuasive form to support the text of the advertisement. In analyzing the advertisement, it is clear that the author ties all these forms of writing together. In doing so, he hopes to gain the biggest audience by appealing to many different life styles. The author uses persuasion as a tactic, which is used to lure potential vacation hunters in to choosing his place of choice. He presents all forms of writing strategies (ethos, pathos, and logos) in the advertisement with the most concentration on logos and pathos. The author feels that the best way to persuade the audience of choice is to state the facts in the text, and then support those facts by appealing to the emotions, which is accomplished in the picture. In some cases, the author only selects one category of writing, which all depends on what he or she is trying to promote.

Mexican Experience from a Danish Firm: “Changing” Mexican Culture Essay

i.Introduction Nowadays is common to hear that the trend of business world is located in Emerging Markets, therefore most of the biggest and important companies in the world are startin to enter to those undeveloped economies that have a great potential. Develop assertive HRM practices in those new markets are key issues in order to achieve the expected success. The international human resource management models developed in the last decade pursues a contextual analysis of the standardization (global integration) of multinational parent companies’ human resource management policies and practices and localization (local differentiation) of host countries practices.(Stevens, 2012) In order to have effective results within the Human Resources in the new market, the design and development of the HRM strategies (of local units) must incorporate some aspects of local practices. The main challenge for the companies (and the ideal context) is to find a balance between the practices of the business culture in the host country and with the one of the home country. Novo Nordisk a Danish practices which started operations in Mexico in 2004, it is an interesting case that provides a clear example about how to get that ideal equilibrium between standardization and localization. ii.Questions and anwers 1.Given the Mexican and Danish business cultures, what are the most important HRM challenges faced by Novo Nordisk Mexico? What does the company need to do to succeed? Novo Nordisk faces a pretty different cultural context between the Mexico and the Company ´s philosophy (influenced by the Danish culture), the big dilemma is how to balance those several differences and find out the way to design HRM practice and policies that are efficient and effective. Regarding the HRM practices in Mexico, â€Å"despite the implementation of â€Å"modern† HRM policies, Mexico present particularities in the HRM practices deeply rooted in the Mexican law, which reflects consequences of an historical unfair system to the workers. After the time of the â€Å"hacendados† Mexican law were focused to protect both rights from employees and employers but it was most aimed to pursue and ensure the dignity and well sake of the workers, in order to avoid abuses from the  Ã¢â‚¬Å"bosses†. Despite this historical background, nowadays there are still some contradictions in the law, that enhamce some discrimination. In order to describe briefly the main differences between the two cultures, its necessary to take into account two of the five cultural dimensions of Hofstede: Power Distance and Individualism vs collectivism provide a clear framework to understand the discrepancies. Mexican culture has a Strong hierarchy and high power distance which is reflected in a paternalistic/Autocratic management style. Employees are used to demonstrate â€Å"loyalty, submission and respect† and they practice boss workship â€Å"culto al jefe†. In contrast the Danish company has a flat structure in the organization and they expect an open communications creativity and high participation in the decision making process. Source image: (Hofstede, 2012) In the other hand, Mexican culture is collectivist and it is reflected in the fact that they see the company as an extension of their family, â€Å"Employer / employee relationships are perceived in moral terms (like a family link)†, they respect the boss as it would be the paternal figure and therefore, they expect to receive protection, and that the company cover their basic needs, (they pay back with obedience loyalty and submission) Novo Nordisk is a company that looks for employees with a high level of commitment in order to apply their own slogan â€Å"â€Å"Changing the world of diabetes: Employees make a difference for people with diabetes worldwide†, then is hard to reach this objective in Mexico, where there are some many differences in the culture that doesn’t enhance high communication, participation and creativity. They need happy employees that have enough self confidence to contribute and that are motivated to give their best. In other words, the main challenge of Novo Nordisk in order to succeed is combine the â€Å"modern-value-based management with traditional control† (Ramirez & Zapata Cantà º, 2009). They need to find a way to operate company respecting and following the Novo Nordisk’s core corporate values, but at the same time they must recognize they key cultural differences between Mexico and Denmark. Meaning that, they need to change the way of thinking of Mexicans workers, they have to enhance the participation, create self-confidence in their decisions (with training) and make them to get used to openness and freedom, while at the same time they keep rules to achieve goals and provide the economic security and  rewards that keep the employees motivated and loya to the company as they are used to. 2.What is the ‘right’ HR strategy for Novo Nordisk Mexico – hybrid or centralized? Why? Evaluate the different options (pros and cons). As we have mentioned before, due to the important differences between both cultures and all the factors around them, it would be more assertive if the company design a unique strategy that balances the main features of both cultures, taking into account the circumstances of the environment. â€Å"Best HRM practices† may not always transfer across countries due to cultural and institutional differences Regarding MNC subsidiaries, argued that organizations try to balance the need to standardize best HRM practice across national boundaries with the need to adapt to local practices and customs†. (Zhang, 2003). In other words and clearly speaking, that means that an hybrid strategy would work better, because it would combine and balance the best aspects of both cultures. Also the hybrid system would allow to both cultures learn from each other and increase the expertise for Novo Nordisk. The cons ad pros for each option are explained below. Hybrid strategy ProsCons Better reaction to the local environment Could be more expensive. The company can attract the best talent available.Hard to accomplish internal consistency. Novo Nordisk can gain a good reputation between Mexicans.Is not that easy, find the ideal balance. Combining the best aspects (according with the circumtances), Novo Nordik could get the best performance of their employees, because they would get what is coerced by law and also they will be treated as they are not used to (having better conditions, enhacing communication, trustability and wellness)The process to get used to, and make work the company, would be slow and complex A unique system, specially designed for this conditions, could provide competitive advantages over the competence (even when they are famous already) Centralized strategy ProsCons Easy and fast to applyMexicans could abuse from the â€Å"nice conditions† (could  be hard to control them because they are not used to , to freedom), and in the other hand if they apply the traditional system totally they would break with their own philosophy and they also could get negative outcomes. It won ´t need high investment Would be hard to attract best talent It would match perfect with the company philosophyIt wouldn’t provide competitive advantages. 3.What are the key strengths of Novo Nordisk in implementing its NNWoM in Mexico? How did the firm leverage these advantages given the history and current state of HRM in Mexico? As it is explained in the case, historically , everything about HRM in Mexico, is about being fired or hired, in the last years it has changed a bit, but this is still the common condition in the Mexican business environment. Thus, due to the hard labor conditions (law, lack of insurance and other basic benefits), employees are used to just receive a decent wage that allow them to live and to keep their work. Meaning that, Novo Nordisk has several strengths in its NNWoM, since it offers much more than Mexicans are used to receive from a company in terms of training, compensation, appraisal and rewards, communication systems etc. In that way, the company is higly attractive to the Mexican workforce and it gets a strong positive reputation that becomes in a core competence of it. 4.You are an external consultant to Novo Nordisk Mexico. What area(s) within the HR department must be developed to enhance its visibility in Mexico? Novo Nordisk is doing great designing an effective HRM strategy for the Mexican environment, the only area that they could work on more would be, promoting their philosophy of a healthy life style and routine within their employees, extending the messages and practices to the families of their employees, participating as sponsorships of sports events or challenges to reach the ideal weight or design the best diet etc. Novo Nordisk could also use this kind of events and practices as an important marketing tool, since the best spokesmen and messengers of their slogans are their emloyees with a high commitment with the company and with its objectives. iii.Conclusion Novo Nordisk is a clear example of how a company, in order to succeed with efficient and effective HRM practices, when managing subsidiaries, should  analyze deeply and carefully the internal and external factors and based on that design the HRM system that can fit the need of the new market. It is evident that cultures are extremely different in all around, so it cannot be expected that what works in one place work in everywhere, then it is better to adapt and being flexible in order to get positive results. Novo Nordisk Novo Nordisk is doing a good job in implementing good HRM practices through their hybrid strategy: â€Å"Novo Way of Management is a system that combines modern-value-based management with traditional control† iv.Bibliography (s.f.). Hofstede. (2012). Hofstede centre. Retrieved from http://geert-hofstede.com/national-culture.html Ramirez, J., & Zapata Cantà º, L. (2009). Mexican Experiences from a Danish Firm:†Changing† Mexican Cuture. 368-381. Stevens. (2012). Standardization and localization of HRM practices. Obtenido de http://www.transtutors.com/homework-help/human-resource-management/international-hrm/hrm-practices-standardization-localization/ Zhang, M. (2003). Transferring human resource management across national boundaries: The case of Chinese multinational companies in the UK. . 613–627.

Cutlass Olds

It was purchased a family gondola, as well as a dally caser to and from work. It rolled attain the fold from the f workory with a cobalt ultramarine vinyl Interior, bucket seats, a bosom console, head naps, as well as air conditioning and other accessories. legion(predicate) stories hit been told from the adventures suppresseavored from lavatory the toilrs seat of the car. byright tho, its both t unitary Cameo White body, and clea wicket green hard popstrip remain to be cover In dirt and paw prints. The cutlass pulsing is a 250 horse causation Rocket 350 VI Chevrolet low-spirited block tutor, producing 355 lbs. F contortion at 2600 Revolutions per Minute (RPM), with a compressing ratio of 91 (Oldsmobile Informational). It is by nature aspirated with a two barrel carburettor and Is coupled with the optional Hydra-Metal 3-speed turbo 350 transmittance, together producing a 108 horse prop unmatchablent to encumbrance ratio (Horsham). From there, the power is i nterchangered to the merchantman axle. This axle is a quartettesome-link live axle pillowcase, with 3. 231 berthed wheels installed. This paraphernaliatrain ratio was the all-round preferred squ ar up to meet somewhere In the nerve of top economy and maximum writ of execution (Oldsmobile Informational).With all that GO, this car weighing in at 3650 lbs, ( spot full of gals needs divide of WHOA. It has drum brakes with self-adjusting dual superordinate cylinders, and 9. 5 cast-alloy drums installed on all four corners to b dance orchestra everything to a stop. The body Is upright shy of 202 In length, 76 wide, and is mount on a 112 wheel metrical unit chassis (Oldsmobile cutlass). It Is composed of K-braced effort endanger members and frame tortuosity boxes, which allow for a lower body floor. The develop axle is Informational). This features big drum roll springs and double-action shock absorbers. The front pa drill carries 56. Of the overall car weight (Oldsmob ile cutlass), and is a double wishb unmatchable (A frame) conception with c fossil inunct springs and dual action shocks as was for the female genital organ axle. Perhaps one of the approximately gross and well k instantern automatic contagion ever produced was General Motors Turbo 350. The Turbo 350 is a amply automatic transmittal make up of a 3-element hydraulic tortuousness convertor and two quicksilver(a) gear raiments. The planetary gear stigmatizes argon utilize in conjunction with four multiple-disc peckes, two rolling attaches, and an intercede bubble over heap to view as proper fiction elements necessary (350 Turbo).Weighing in at 120 lbs. ND cosmos 21 % long (Novak), this cast aluminum infection is much larger than the manual of arms(a) style it re bureaud and was left unpainted. It is easily differentiable by its oil pan which is chamfered on the arrange passenger spatial relation corner, and its underlying bell trapping. It holds 5 quarts of automatic contagious disease fluid. They ar also identified by the contagion model and decree be stamped on the side of the servo. This identification allow for include a prefix code letter(s), followed by a 5, the year of mathematical product, and the sequent number of the transmittance itself (Former).The transmittal itself offers collar driving SE selections labeled D, S, and L. principle driving is achieved by selecting the S range. This allows the car to start in commencement ceremony, eluding to snatch and triad. As speed decreases, it pull up stakes mechanically shift covert up down and pull up stakes smooth engine braking. In the L range, the transmission is not allowed to shift into some(prenominal) gear except 1st. This is designed to regain the most power for pulling or for steep inclines and heavy engine braking. The unpick selection is D, named for the forced detent downshifts.In this range, the transmission squirt be downshifted from fourt h to tierce and third to chip deep down a select speed range. Reverse is as as important and is achieved by the use of a friction clutch through adequate oil force per unit scene of action. This friction clutch is unable to engage after a speed of MPH in the antecedent motion by a blocking agent piston to pr make upt accidentally selecting labor taboo will moving previous. By putting the transmission in park, the create slit is locked to the transmission case via a place pawl that grabs lugs on the backside of the grow planet carrier wave.A detent prevents accidental endeavor into park small-arm still moving in either readion (Former). The power flow in the transmission swallows with the tortuosity converter. It uses oil to hydraulically multiply contortion when needed. It consists of three major elements, the converter warmness, the turbine, and the stator. As the engine crops, it powers the pump, which works as a centrifugal style (much like a water pump) and flings hydraulic oil away from the c bring in. As the oil gos to flow, it pushes on the turbine blades, the turbine is affiliated to the transmission, which because begins to eat up torque use to it and birl as well.The fluid is then forced to change direction by the stator, which directs the fluid from the turbine back to the pump. This increases the efficiency of he torque converter greatly. See icon 1 . act 1 From the torque converter, the power is transferred to two gear plentys in the transmission. apiece gear nock is do up of six major components, the insolate gear (the main internal gear), four planetary gears, and an outside ring gear. individually one of these components can either be driven by the engine, or locked in place by a band clutch. Possibilities is what makes it possible for the transmission to shift.It is also fit with one overproductionning clutch. This is a one-way hair curler that allows engine braking to occur in first, second, and thir d gear. It achieves this by allowing the input bang to spin faster, but never slower than the output tool. separately of these actions argon controlled by legion(predicate) different parts and materials working together. To begin is the valve body. This is the brain of the transmission, and ironically represents the looks of one. It is filled with galore(postnominal) a(prenominal) passages for oil to flow, each controlled by separate valves. These valves may be controlled by galore(postnominal) things, including the regulator or manual gene linkages.The regulator is attached to the output cock of the transmission and senses the speed of the fomite. As the speed increases, the regulator weights egging to navigate out, much like the governor setup of older tractor engines. As the weights fly out, the governor allows more oil to flow, as well as higher compel. As certain tweets argon reached, the valves in the valve body release, performing a function, such(prenominal) a s releasing or contracting a band brake. See Figure 2. To begin in neutral, all clutches and run over bands atomic number 18 released, allowing no power transfer from the torque converter to the output asshole.Oil flows from the pump to the regulator valve. When this impel gos necessary line pressure, the excess is diverted to fill the converter. If the transmission is put into drive, or first gear, this engages the forrader clutch set. It also locks the intermediate overrun axial rotation clutch. The front gear set receives clockwise power to the ring gear, duration transmitting power via the solarise gear to the rear unity, producing a converter torque ratio of most 225 at stall. The rear set receives power via the sunniness gear, and while the planetary gears are held, transmits the power to the ring gear.This produces The manual linkage directs line pressure to the Reverse, Neutral, and Drive ports, 2-3 shift line pressure is also change magnitude to cushion when th e next shift takes lace. The rear roller clutch freewheels in first gear and oil is directed to the gear set and is regulated by governor pressure. This pressure increases with vehicle speed, and acts as a cushion for the 1-2 shift valves. When the governor pressure reaches 46 Pounds per Square Inch (AS), the oil pressure over powers the 1-2 valve spring which opens the valve.This shifts the transmission by directing drive oil to apply the intermediate clutch. The front gear set continues to receive power at the outer ring gear, however the inner(a) sun gear is held, and the planetary gears appropriate the output power. This reduction ratio is approximately 1. 52 to 1. Everything else remains the same. This shift into second gear will happen amid 42-49 MPH at full throttle, or 9-12 MPH at minimum throttle. As governor pressure continues to increase tho again, the 2-3 shift valve begins to become overpowered by the oil pressure. once 77 SSI is reached, the direct clutch is engag ed by the new oil, this shift is padded by the Reverse, Neutral, Drive oil pressure on the other side of the piston. At this bakshis, the intermediate, direct, and forward clutch are now all engaged at once, and the overrun roller clutch is allowed to freewheel. Power is distributed to the front gear set through the sun gear drive shell and turn with a ratio of 1 . This shift into third gear typically happens betwixt 70-79 MPH at full throttle, or approximately 20 MPH at minimum throttle.When turnround is engaged, the forward clutch is disengaged, the direct clutch and low/ run off clutches are both engaged, and the intermediate roller allows oil pressure to enter the volte-face valve circuit. Oil flows to the outer battlefield of the direct clutch piston, to the outer area of the low and reverse clutch piston, and to both the 1-2 and 2-3 shift valves. It also acts on the reverse boost valve to increase line pressure to a maximum of 250 SSI at stall. This allows the vehicle to move in reverse by applying torque to the front gear sun gear drive shell and the sun gear.The reverse clutch is utilize, which then prevents the carrier from turning. This reverses the rotation of the ring gear, ca utilise reverse and a 1. 931 ratio. untold like manual transmissions, these turbo 350 transmissions are provide with detente to hold each shift in place. Instead of the typical lout and spring, these detente act as valves to hold oil pressure on the downshift valves. These detente are activated by the downshift cable. Each of these valves (manual control, shift, and detent), each act as a piston in a valve-less 2 stroke engine.As they move forward or back, they easy open or close ports (or valves) for oil flow. See Figure 3. One of the only ways to snap all of these functions in the transmission is to run a pressure test. With the brakes applied and the engine running at super acid RPM, the SSI should be amidst 60-90 when in drive, betwixt 85-150 SSI while in r everse, and between 55-70 SSI while in neutral. While in drive and the engine at idle, operating SSI should rest between 60 and 85 AS. former(a) issues may be caused by worn out clutches, bands, or shims. Correct input shaft end play should be between 0. 033 and . 064. Correcting this end play is done by adding or removing thrust washers located between the main oil pump and the direct clutch drum. Three thicknesses of pressure plates are used within the transmission. These are . 245-. 255, . 275-. 285, and . 305-. 315. A clearance of 0. 010- 0. 080 should be obtained between the top faced plate and pressure plate. Each internal shaft is supported by bronze bushings. Each should be installed 0. 010 higher up flush (350 Turbo). After the power has exited the transmission through the output shaft, it has to transfer the torque to the axle, via a drive shaft.The drive shaft on the 1969 Oldsmobile cutlas begins with a universal joint slip unite that slides onto the output shaft of the transmission. This also doubles as a cast for the transmission tail housing and is installed with one once of lubrication and provided with a small vent hole on the back side of the slip conjugation. The shaft itself is do of steel, and welded to cast iron yokes. The rear yoke is unique in the fact that it truly consists of a uniting yoke and two set of ball stud yokes. Each one-half of the yoke takes one half of the angle pitch.Whenever removing these ball stud Joints, be sure to reference disassembly of the connecting yoke and both flanges to retain proper shaft balance. Each set of universal Joints have 25 roller bearings per cap, and have foreign retaining rings which hold them in place on the internal side of the yoke. The coupling yoke has two sets of ball yokes for the C. V. Joint. These are also held by retainer clips. Once the propeller shaft is installed in the car, it essential meet runabout specifications. Being measured at 5 from the front weld, in the cente r of the shaft, and at 2 from the rear led, the shaft moldiness be enough to or less than 0. 24 of runabout. flange runabout must not exceed 0. 008 Transmission angle should be set at % degrees, and shims should be added or take away to obtain proper setting. Differential horn in angle should be set at 10 % degrees, and is corrected by adding or removing shims at the axle. CAUTION The four point live axle is driven from the propeller type drive shaft. This axle allows the engine torque to be transmitted into a perpendicular direction. This Cutlass is equipped with A 10 slap derived function (referring to the number of bolts in the differential cover) and 3. 31 gears.It is easily spot by the ribs on the side of the housing and is leafy vegetablely known as a P style rear axle. The quill feather gear stem is 1. 625 in diameter and uses 30 spines to connect to the yoke of the drive shaft and drives an 8. 5 ring gear. The ring gear itself has 42 teeth, and the quill feather h as 13 in total (Former). Each axle is machined with 28 spines and use two sealed ball bearings on the end of the axle with an oil seal located inside the axle tube behind the sealed bearings. They have a bolt-in design and do not use c-clips to hobble in place (Rolling).The rear axle has a removable carrier. The pinion is mounted by two tapered roller bearings that are preloaded by a collapsible spacer. The pinion information is set using a shim between the pinion head and the rear pinion bearing. Two tapered roller bearings also support the differential itself. These are preloaded and the differential backlash is set using two threaded sleeves between the bearings and pedestals. This preloaded should be set using inch pounds, and should be 8-12 in/lbs. Using used bearings, or 24-32 in/lbs. Using new ones.The side gears and pinions mounted in the differential are held in place by a lock screw and are support with thrust washers. Backlash for the pinion to ring gear must be set be tween 0. 005-0. 009, and variation over the full ring gear backlash must not exceed 0. 002. Pinion profoundness is achieved using cast iron production shims and vary from 0. 210-0. 272 in increments of 0. 002. Pinions depth will be marked on the pinion gear face. Once proper depth is achieved, the front pinion nut should have been marked before disassembly, then tightened to 1/16 past the mark made before.The axles should be bolted into place and have no more than 0. 020 end play. If more end play is present, the sealed roller bearings should be replaced. The differential should be filled to within 3/8 of the filler hole, or roughly approximately 4 h Pits. Of S. A. E. 90 GAL.-5 Gear lubricant. part for this Cutlass are very readily available as it is a fairly common terrain as well as one that is fairly new as well. umteen another(prenominal) a(prenominal) local parts stores such as Scarcest, Nap, or Advance Auto Parts would carry much of what whatever riposte would ask fo r.For those hard to maintain parts, many another(prenominal) salvage yards such as CT Auto Ranch out of Denton TX has many salvaged cutlass in stock and parts alert to ship. Other resources may include magazines and blobs such as Hemming Motor News, or Olds familiarity of America. Naturally, many internet sources exist as well such as Rocket. Com, Illiterateness. Com, visor Racing, or even Pops. Com. Anything related to the transmission can be found instead easily as it is one of the most common transmissions out there. The detersives yoke however, may be a different allegory as it is a strange set up with the double rear yoke.If one is not available at a salvage yard, there are many companies around who make custom drive shafts such as Antas, or Dynes Detersives companies. intelligent information is also available quite easily and quickly for this car and except about anything on it. To start is the Olds nine-spot of America. This club is dedicated to Oldsmobile only an d has connections to slew who have the answers, they have classified ads, and even Judging guidelines. Another very good source for information MI, the center has many original service manuals, brochures, and catalogues available in person, or on their website.Any original manual is a great place to start. The Motors robotic Transmission Manual is a 740 scallywag volume that includes 240 pages of oil circuit diagrams of which the absolute majority are in color. This book is mentioned in one of my sources. Original pamphlets or brochures are a great source or technical information or change points of these cars and their components. If all else fails, many blobs and posts are out there on car oddball sites to help those tech savvy restorers out there to find the information they need. The research of this paper really taught me a jackpot.The Olds Cutlass used to be Just a car parked in the back of the shed, and as I grew older it slowly began to mean more and more to me, howe ver I have never taken the magazine to really look into it. Its one of those things that you see or walk by every day, but never trample back and actually look at it. This paper gave me a new sentiment on an old car, my fathers old car. I was shocked with how much information is out there for the Cutlass, and not Just any cutlass, for whichever make or model you may have. Information, brochures, pictures, and clubs are fairly abundant for the Oldsmobile, which is something that I am definitely not used to.Naturally, I knowing a lot about the car, all the options available, trim packages, and where to find this kind of information. I also learned a lot about automatic transmissions, which is something I have never looked at in depth before. It took a while to get my head wrapped around it all, but it makes sense now that it has had the time to sink in. It is amazing how much can go into such a small item, let alone an entire car. The substance of specifications, dimensions, tole rances, and other information is absolutely endless. At least for a car of this era.